Prima di tutto bisogna ricordarsi delle pandemie/epidemie più note dal 2000 in poi dai vari virus: anno/numero di deceduti / fonte di pubblicazione:

1. SARS: 2002/2003/813/World Health Organisation=WHO,
2. Suina: 2009-2010/ 18.000/WHO,
3. Influenza nel mondo: 290.000-650.000 deceduti l’anno/Istituto Superiore della Sanita 2019,
4. Influenza Italia: deceduti 2013/14: 7.027, 2014/2015: 20.259, 2015/2016:15.801, 2016/17: 24.981/ Rosano, Ricciardi et al. 2019,
5. Ebola: 2014-2016/3461 /WHO)

Se fosse vero, che il coronavirus viene trasmesso tramite goccioline da starnuto, tosse ecc. o per essere venuto a contatto con superficie infette, e

• se fosse vero che le misure adottate a ridurre il contaggio dovrebbero risultare efficaci:

come ci si spiega, che alla data del 26/04/2020 in Lombardia sono stati registrati 13.325 morti, in Emilia Romagna 3.386 ed in Sicilia 228 morti?

Questa differenza non può derivare dalla maggiore esposizione infettiva al nord, considerando anche, che a Catania dal 3 al 5 febbraio si era svolta la festa di Sant’Agata con più di un milione di visitatori (già si parlava di doverla sospendere). Questo ovviamente senza le dovute distanza di un metro uno dall’altro.

Valutando questi ed altri dati epidemiologici riguardante l’epidemia da coronavirus, si può arrivare solo alle due seguenti conclusioni:

1. I Catanesi sono i campioni nell’igiene?
2.  IL CORONAVIRUS VIENE TRASMESSO ESCLUSIVAMENTE ATTRAVERSO VIA AEREA (AEROSOL)

Attenzione:

1. La trasmissione avviene quasi esclusivamente in ambienti non sufficientemente aerati, all’aperto solo in casi estremi,
2. La gravità della infezione (da asintomatico fino all’esito letale) dipende dalla carica virale e dalle condizioni individuali quali malattie coesistenti ecc.

(N.B.: La gravità della malattia non dipende primariamente dai danni causati dal virus all’organismo, ma dai danni causati dalla difesa immunitaria all’organismo.)

Questa teoria semplice spiega tutto, e ci permette di agire in maniera efficace, salvando tantissimi vite umane (N.B. Ogni teoria è valida fin quando una sola sua previsione non è corretta, il che richiede o una revisione o l’abbandono della teoria).

E’ sempre stato uno delle fondamenta della virologia, che il virus influenzale viene trasmesso o tramite via aerea (goccioline da starnuti, tosse ecc.) o per contatto con superfici infette, una affermazione, che risale alle origini della scienza delle infezioni. Questo concetto elementare non è mai stato messo in discussione, ma fu considerato in seguito un dato fermo, irremovibile (dottrina).

Cosi come dottrina della geologia fu considerata la teoria dei ponti continentali. E quando lo scienziato Wegener, a causa di semplici osservazioni, presentava il 6 gennaio 1912 a Frankfurt (Germ.) la sua teoria della tettonica delle placche, esso veniva deriso dai scienziati presenti. Solo più di 50 anni dopo, nei anni 1967/1968, la scienza ammetteva l’errore e promuoveva la sua teoria: errare humanum est, perseverare…..

Questa nuova ottica riguardante la via di trasmissione comporterebbe le seguenti osservazioni:

1. La trasmissione avviene quasi esclusivamente in ambienti ristretti, chiusi, nei quali si ottiene la concentrazione virale necessaria per l’infezione. Questo è pressoché impossibile nei spazi aperti.
2. La condizione di base per l’infezione è la scarsa qualità dell’aria a causa di una insufficiente aerazione (treni, autobus, metropolitana, uffici, case di riposo ecc.). La qualità dell’aria nei spazi chiusi (con una concentrazione crescente di CO2 aumenta il rischio di infezione) si sta progressivamente peggiorando a causa della ricerca dell’efficienza energetica dei immobili (detto siciliano: “il migliore medico è un scarso falegname, perché fa gli infissi con i spifferi”).
3. Maschere e guanti sono, eccetto per i malati e per quelli che li curano, inutili e così addirittura dannosi. La maschera riduce la ventilazione dei polmoni. In più all’ispirazione viene riciclata l’aria espirata inquinata e quindi impura. L’igiene eccessiva delle mani ed i guanti creano solo un ambiente ideale per germi resistenti, la prima rimuovendo lo strato protettivo delle mani ed i secondi creando un effetto serra per i germi resistenti.
4. Il contatto normale interumano (Bacio, abbracci, darsi la mano, gli eschimesi si strofinano quale saluto i nasi) permane come sempre elementare per creare una difesa immunologica nel gruppo (se l’umanità avesse applicato le leggi disposti attualmente da gran parte dei governi, essa farebbe già da tempo parte delle specie estinte).

Per affrontare l’epidemia del coronavirus ed ulteriori future epidemie bisogna profondamente intervenire sull’ambiente dell’uomo, quest’ultimo ormai spesse volte paragonabile ad un animale da allevamento di massa in gabbia.

Questo contributo non si basa sulle sempre più ultime evidenze della medicina, ma si basa sulle fondamenta della medicina, la quale deve affermare il suo passato, ma che nello stesso momento metterlo sempre sotto continua verifica.

Leggi l’articolo in lingua tedesca :

DER WELTBILDZERTRUEMMERER WEGENER UND DAS CORONAVIRUS

Leggi l’articolo in lingua inglese :

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE CORONAVIRUS

Introduction: There are currently many different opinions, partly contrasting with regard to the transmission of coronavirus and the measures to be taken to deal with it. At present the main mode of transmission is considered to be through droplets or contact. The aim of this article is to examine the importance of transmission through contact and droplets against transmission by aerosols using an epidemiological approach. To this end three regions of Italy have been compared as cohorts.

Material and Methods: The three regions included in this study are Lombardy, Emilia Romagna and Sicily. A clinical analytical study has been carried out on these three cohorts. The relative homogeneity at the beginning of the epidemic (general risk of exposure, demographic conditions) and eventual interaction during the observation period have been assessed. 24/04/2020 was considered the final date of the survey in relation to fatal cases.

The results were assessed with regard to transmission through contact/droplets or by aerosols.

Results:

Lombardy, Emilia Romagna and Sicily are fairly similar as regards territorial extent (Lombardy: 23,865 km^2,, Emilia Romagna 22,453 and Sicily 25,832 km²) As for population/population density  per km², Emilia Romagna and Sicily are comparable (Emilia Romagna 4,459,477/198.6 per km ², Sicilia 4,999,891/193.6 per km ²). Lombardy has an approximately double population/population density (10,060,574/421.6 per km²).

The homogeneity of the two cohorts in the north as regards risk of exposure is comparable due to the similar geographical, demographic and climatic conditions. Sicily, 1000 kilometers further south, until the end of March was exposed to a similar if not much higher exposure:

1. Catania airport (metropolis with over a million inhabitants) took 6^th place in Italy last year for passenger transport, in Germany it would be little after Stuttgart, Cologne and Berlin Tegel at 9th place. Compared to the previous year, air traffic in Catania in January increased by 4.94% to 609,750 and in February by 1.36% to 547,210: Lombardy is in third place overall for presences in Sicily (1,069,293) after France (1,584,410) and Germany (1,185,041)
2. From 3 to 5 February the Festival of St Agatha took place, one of the largest religious festivals in the world with a turnout of over a million people, obviously with no social distancing.
3. After the closure of universities, bars, restaurants etc. there was a justified return of students and workers from the north: around 40,000 people who registered spontaneously (Note from the Ministry 24/03/20), even if the actual figures will be considerably higher.
4.  Until International Women’s Day (8 March) as regards the winter season, Catania was the  city in Italy and Europe with the highest quota of social personal contacts due to the very intense daily and night life. This was caused by the extensive presence of people both from outside and inside the territory. In this period Catania pulsated from early morning until long after midnight.

As for the homogeneity of the cohorts regarding healthcare and political interference, no differences were found. (The various government decrees applied to the whole of Italy).

26 April 2020 was taken as the final point of the study. According to government statistics the following data were recorded for the number of deaths:

Lombardy: 13,325, Emilia Romagna: 3,386, Sicily: 228)

Discussion: three Italian regions were included in this study, two from the north: Lombardy and Emilia Romagna and Sicily 1000 km further south. The structure of the population is similar with the exception of Lombardy which has double the density of the other two regions. The starting point of the epidemic (end of January, beginning of February) is comparable as regards risk of exposure (possibly higher in Sicily). The lockdown ordered by the government meant that the course of the epidemic was not altered by regional interaction. This allows a homogeneity of the cohorts virtually unique in medicine.

The evaluation of the results regarding the two factors considered responsible for transmission  (droplets/aerosols) leads to the following conclusions:

The importance of transmission through contact, droplets etc. in relation to the course of the epidemic goes towards zero. This is evident from the fact that the necessary interpersonal contact is similar in the three cohorts (certainly much higher in Sicily, especially in big cities), but the death toll in Sicily is very low. (Sanitary conditions, often considered to be the cause of this mode of transmission, are similar in North and South Italy).

The importance of transmission by aerosols remains the only determining factor. The explanation lies in the analysis of the differing living conditions in the home-work environment between the north and the south. Staying in the open air and in insufficiently ventilated environments are identified as determining factors.

The habitat of the Sicilian population, due to the climatic and industrial conditions, is fundamentally different to that in the North.

1. Buildings are not insulated to guarantee energy efficiency (the concentration of CO2 is an indicator for risk of infection: Rudnick and Milton 2003), they have high ceilings to provide coolness in the summer.
2. Heating is only used to a limited extent (both in private and public spaces) and there is also sufficient ventilation (see the indications for a healthy climate in buildings) in winter facilitated by the relative difference between the external and internal temperature.
3. Life in Sicily takes place outside to a great extent also in winter thanks to the mild climate.
4. Industrial plants with a high concentration of people are far less common than in the North.
5. There is adequate ventilation in means of transport (cars, buses, trains).

As transmission by aerosols finds an ideal situation in the closed environments in northern Italy (the concentration of CO2 will be caused by the high level of insufficient ventilation) we are faced with, in the broad sense, the already well known Sick building Syndrome (Finnegan et al. 1984). .

The theory of transmission by aerosols is also confirmed in the virological literature. Particles the size of the coronavirus settle at the level of the lower respiratory tract (Bottarelli 2020). The involvement of the oropharyngeal cavity and the upper respiratory tract are to be considered secondary, occurring following exhaled air, not significant for transmission.

Conclusions: As transmission, as explained above, occurs by aerosols (influenza too, showing the same epidemiological features as the coronavirus, probably follows the same mode of transmission) the measures currently being taken (quarantine/lockdown, masks, gloves, measures against gatherings) should be corrected immediately.

It is vitally and urgently important to undertake measures to rectify the human habitat regarding both internal and external pollution.

Bibliography (in limited edition due to the coronavirus)

1. Finnegan MJ, Pickering CA, Burge PS: The sick building Syndrome: Prevalence Studies. Br Med J. 1984; 289:1573-5
2. Rudnick and Milton 2003
3. Bottarelli 2020

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Italian – https://www.vasodipandora.net/2020/05/25/laerosol-quale-unica-via-rilevante-di-trasmissione-del-coronavirus-evidenze-epidemiologiche/

First of all we need to remember the most widely known pandemics/epidemics of various viruses from 2000 onwards:

Year/number of deaths/publication source:

1. SARS: 2002/2003/813/World Health Organization=WHO,
2. Swine flu: 2009-2010/ 18,000/WHO,
3. Worldwide influenza: 290,000-650,000 deaths a year/Istituto Superiore della Sanita 2019,
4. Influenza in Italy: deaths in 2013/14: 7,027, 2014/2015: 20,259, 2015/2016:15,801, 2016/17: 24,981/ Rosano, Ricciardi et al. 2019,
5. Ebola: 2014-2016/3,461 /WHO)

If it were true that coronavirus is transmitted through droplets from sneezes, coughs etc. or through coming into contact with infected surfaces, and

• if it were true that the measures adopted to reduce infection should prove effective:

How do we explain that on 26/04/2020 13,325 deaths had been recorded in Lombardy, 3,386 in Emilia Romagna and 228 deaths in Sicily?

This difference cannot derive from a greater exposure to infection in the north, considering that in Catania the Festival of Saint Agatha took place from 3-5 February with more than a million visitors (they were already talking about banning it). Obviously there was no social distancing.

            Taking these and other epidemiological data into account regarding the coronavirus epidemic, one can only reach the two following conclusions:

1. The people of Catania are champions of hygiene?
2. CORONAVIRUS IS TRANSMITED EXCLUSIVELY BY AIR (AEROSOL)

Please note:

1. Transmission takes place almost exclusively in insufficiently ventilated environments, only in extreme cases in the open air.
2. The gravity of the infection (from asymptomatic to a fatal outcome) depends on the viral load and individual conditions like coexisting diseases etc.

(N.B. The gravity of the disease does not depend primarily on damage caused by the virus to the organism, but on the damage caused to the organism by the immune system).

This simple theory explains everything, and allows us to act efficiently, saving countless human lives (N.B. Each theory is valid until one of its predictions is incorrect, then the theory must be revised or withdrawn).

That the flu virus is transmitted either by air (droplets from sneezes, coughs etc.) or through contact with infected surfaces, has always been one of the fundamentals of virology, an affirmation which goes back to the origins of the science of infections. This elementary concept has never been questioned, but was thereafter considered a hard, fixed fact (doctrine).

Just as the theory of the continental bridges was considered to be the doctrine of geology. And when the scientist Wegener, as a result of simple observations, presented his theory of Continental Drift in Frankfurt (Germ.) on 6 January 1912, he was ridiculed by the scientists present. Only more than 50 years later, in 1967/68, did Science admit its error and promote his theory: errare humanum est, perseverare…..  

This new perspective regarding the mode of transmission leads to the following observations:

1. Transmission occurs almost exclusively in enclosed environments, where there is the necessary virus concentration for infection. This is almost impossible in open spaces.
2. The basic condition for infection is the poor quality of the air due to insufficient ventilation (trains, buses, underground, offices, care homes etc.) The air quality in closed spaces (with a rising concentration of CO2 the risk of infection increases) is steadily deteriorating due to the search for energy efficiency in buildings ( Sicilian saying: “The best doctor is a poor carpenter, because he makes window fixtures with draughts”
3. Masks and gloves are, except for the sick and those who treat them, useless and even dangerous. The mask reduces the ventilation of the lungs. Moreover the contaminated, impure exhaled air is recycled with the inhalation. Excessive hand hygiene and gloves only create an ideal environment for resistant germs, the first removes the protective layer from the hands and the second create a greenhouse effect for resistant germs.

4) Normal interpersonal contact (kisses, hugs, handshakes, Eskimos rub noses by way of greeting) remains as always elementary for creating immunological defense in the group (if the human race had applied the laws currently laid down by most governments, it would have long been an extinct species).

To deal with the corona virus epidemic and other future epidemics we need to intervene radically on the environment of mankind, now often comparable to a caged animal in intensive livestock farming.

This contribution is not based on the ever increasing latest medical evidence but is based on the foundations of medicine, which must affirm its past, but at the same time continually put it to the test.

read this article in :

Italian https://www.vasodipandora.net/2020/05/25/considerazioni-generali-sul-coronavirus/